코코아팟(cocoapod) 설치 에러(ERROR: Error installing cocoapods: ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.) 및 해결 방법

코코아팟을 설치할 때 에러가 나타나서 이와 관련된 해결 방법을 작성하고자 합니다.

 

사실 코코아팟 자체의 설치는 어렵지가 않습니다.

그저 터미널에 해당 명령어를 입력해주면 됩니다.

sudo gem install cocoapods

 

그런데 제 맥북에서 다음과 같은 에러가 발생하였습니다.

Building native extensions. This could take a while...
ERROR:  Error installing cocoapods:
	ERROR: Failed to build gem native extension.

    current directory: /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/ffi-1.15.5/ext/ffi_c
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/bin/ruby -I /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0 -r ./siteconf20230816-13865-1h4ee3w.rb extconf.rb
checking for ffi.h... *** extconf.rb failed ***
Could not create Makefile due to some reason, probably lack of necessary
libraries and/or headers.  Check the mkmf.log file for more details.  You may
need configuration options.

Provided configuration options:
	--with-opt-dir
	--without-opt-dir
	--with-opt-include
	--without-opt-include=${opt-dir}/include
	--with-opt-lib
	--without-opt-lib=${opt-dir}/lib
	--with-make-prog
	--without-make-prog
	--srcdir=.
	--curdir
	--ruby=/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/bin/$(RUBY_BASE_NAME)
	--with-ffi_c-dir
	--without-ffi_c-dir
	--with-ffi_c-include
	--without-ffi_c-include=${ffi_c-dir}/include
	--with-ffi_c-lib
	--without-ffi_c-lib=${ffi_c-dir}/lib
	--enable-system-libffi
	--disable-system-libffi
	--with-libffi-config
	--without-libffi-config
	--with-pkg-config
	--without-pkg-config
/System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:467:in `try_do': The compiler failed to generate an executable file. (RuntimeError)
You have to install development tools first.
	from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:585:in `block in try_compile'
	from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:534:in `with_werror'
	from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:585:in `try_compile'
	from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:1109:in `block in have_header'
	from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:959:in `block in checking_for'
	from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:361:in `block (2 levels) in postpone'
	from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:331:in `open'
	from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:361:in `block in postpone'
	from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:331:in `open'
	from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:357:in `postpone'
	from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:958:in `checking_for'
	from /System/Library/Frameworks/Ruby.framework/Versions/2.6/usr/lib/ruby/2.6.0/mkmf.rb:1108:in `have_header'
	from extconf.rb:10:in `system_libffi_usable?'
	from extconf.rb:42:in `<main>'

To see why this extension failed to compile, please check the mkmf.log which can be found here:

  /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/extensions/universal-darwin-21/2.6.0/ffi-1.15.5/mkmf.log

extconf failed, exit code 1

Gem files will remain installed in /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/gems/ffi-1.15.5 for inspection.
Results logged to /Library/Ruby/Gems/2.6.0/extensions/universal-darwin-21/2.6.0/ffi-1.15.5/gem_make.out

 

이러한 에러가 나타났을 때의 해결 방법을 몇 가지 알려드리겠습니다.

 

 

1.

xcode-select --install

 

하지만 제 맥북에서는 다음과 같은 에러 문구가 나타났습니다.

xcode-select: error: command line tools are already installed, use "Software Update" to install updates

 

위의 에러 문구가 나타났을 때의 해결 방법입니다.

sudo rm -rf /Library/Developer/CommandLineTools
sudo xcode-select --install

그럼 어떠한 설치 관련 창이 뜨게 되는데, 이를 설치해주면 됩니다.

 

 

2.

하지만 1번의 경우에서도 설치가 되지 않아 다음의 방법을 시도해보았습니다.

sudo gem install -n /usr/local/bin cocoapods

or

sudo gem install -n /usr/local/bin cocoapods -v 1.8.4

저는 두 번째 방법(sudo gem install -n /usr/local/bin cocoapods -v 1.8.4)으로 설치를 완료하였습니다.

 

 

3. 

2번까지도 안되신 분들이 계시다면, 다음과 같은 방법을 참고해보시기 바랍니다.

sudo xcodebuild -license
sudo gem install cocoapods